- International families
- 26k2015 to 2024
- Leading country
- United States1.7× the next
- All families
- 112khome filings included
- Over five years
- Rising2020 to 2024 against the five before
Year by year
Patent families by country of origin and the year of the earliest filing, 2000 to 2025; 2025 is a part year, still filling in. International families are those for which protection was sought beyond one country.
Volume
International patent families in the capability, by the year of the earliest filing.
Source: Global Institute for National Capability (GINC), 2026. Underlying patents from 107 patent offices, IFI CLAIMS and Google
Share by country
Each country's share of the year's international families, in per cent: the capability's five largest countries of origin, 2015 to 2024, and the rest of the world.
Source: Global Institute for National Capability (GINC), 2026. Underlying patents from 107 patent offices, IFI CLAIMS and Google
Country leaderboard
International patent families, 2015 to 2024, by country of origin. Growth compares the latest five full years with the five before.
Ten largest
United States
South Korea
China
Japan
Taiwan
Germany
France
United Kingdom
Canada
Singapore
6,721
3,882
3,587
3,507
2,242
805
795
525
436
299
| 2000 to 2025 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States | 6,721 | 25.5% | 0.9× | 9,935 | |
| 2 | South Korea | 3,882 | 14.7% | 1.6× | 8,570 | |
| 3 | China | 3,587 | 13.6% | 1.5× | 73,794 | |
| 4 | Japan | 3,507 | 13.3% | 0.8× | 5,667 | |
| 5 | Taiwan | 2,242 | 8.5% | 2.2× | 3,158 | |
| 6 | Germany | 805 | 3.1% | 0.9× | 984 | |
| 7 | France | 795 | 3.0% | 0.7× | 870 | |
| 8 | United Kingdom | 525 | 2.0% | 0.8× | 589 | |
| 9 | Canada | 436 | 1.7% | 0.9× | 504 | |
| 10 | Singapore | 299 | 1.1% | 1.1× | 321 | |
| 11 | Australia | 279 | 1.1% | 0.9× | 296 | |
| 12 | Spain | 253 | 1.0% | 0.7× | 327 | |
| 13 | Israel | 248 | 0.9% | 0.9× | 270 | |
| 14 | Netherlands | 242 | 0.9% | 0.6× | 254 | |
| 15 | Switzerland | 215 | 0.8% | 1.2× | 242 | |
| 16 | India | 214 | 0.8% | 1.4× | 289 | |
| 17 | Belgium | 196 | 0.7% | 1.0× | 199 | |
| 18 | Finland | 195 | 0.7% | 1.2× | 203 | |
| 19 | Italy | 155 | 0.6% | 0.6× | 181 | |
| 20 | Türkiye | 150 | 0.6% | 2.2× | 204 | |
| 21 | Sweden | 141 | 0.5% | 0.8× | 156 | |
| 22 | Russia | 140 | 0.5% | 0.5× | 2,386 | |
| 23 | Saudi Arabia | 130 | 0.5% | 0.6× | 309 | |
| 24 | Denmark | 85 | 0.3% | 2.9× | 88 | |
| 25 | Poland | 85 | 0.3% | 1.0× | 448 | |
| 26 | Brazil | 75 | 0.3% | 1.0× | 417 | |
| 27 | Austria | 65 | 0.2% | 1.4× | 68 | |
| 28 | Czechia | 61 | 0.2% | 1.3× | 151 | |
| 29 | Hong Kong | 54 | 0.2% | 2.2× | 88 | |
| 30 | Luxembourg | 54 | 0.2% | 0.5× | 73 | |
| 31 | Norway | 31 | 0.1% | 0.8× | 35 | |
| 32 | Mexico | 30 | 0.1% | 0.4× | 200 | |
| 33 | Malaysia | 30 | 0.1% | 1.1× | 59 | |
| 34 | Ireland | 29 | 0.1% | 0.3× | 32 | |
| 35 | New Zealand | 21 | 0.1% | 0.9× | 21 | |
| 36 | Portugal | 21 | 0.1% | 0.6× | 43 | |
| 37 | South Africa | 16 | 0.1% | 1.3× | 16 | |
| 38 | Cayman Islands | 14 | 0.1% | 0.2× | 54 | |
| 39 | Hungary | 5 | 0.0% | 0.7× | 11 | |
| 40 | Liechtenstein | 1 | 0.0% | – | 1 |
Applicants
The largest applicants by international patent families, 2015 to 2024: across the world, then within each of the five countries with the most families in Nanomaterials & Metamaterials. Names are as held in the source and are not consolidated across subsidiaries.
Global
26,376 international families
SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO LTD · South Korea
TAIWAN SEMICONDUCTOR MFG CO LTD · Taiwan
INTEL CORP · United States
SAMSUNG DISPLAY CO LTD · South Korea
IBM · United States
CENTRE NAT RECH SCIENT · France
1,422
1,377
600
281
278
274
United States
6,721 international families
INTEL CORP
IBM
UNIV CALIFORNIA
MASSACHUSETTS INST TECHNOLOGY
APPLIED MATERIALS INC
IBM UK
597
274
217
156
147
128
South Korea
3,882 international families
SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO LTD
SAMSUNG DISPLAY CO LTD
LG CHEMICAL LTD
KOREA ADVANCED INST SCI & TECH
SAMSUNG SDI CO LTD
SEOUL NAT UNIV R&DB FOUNDATION
1,406
281
194
140
125
124
China
3,587 international families
BOE TECHNOLOGY GROUP CO LTD
HUAWEI TECH CO LTD
TCL TECH GROUP CORP
UNIV SOOCHOW
UNIV ZHEJIANG
INST OF MICROELECTRONICS CAS
192
108
96
85
71
61
Japan
3,507 international families
FUJIFILM CORP
ZEON CORP
CANON KK
TOKYO ELECTRON LTD
NEC CORP
AIST
134
117
110
91
83
71
Taiwan
2,242 international families
TAIWAN SEMICONDUCTOR MFG CO LTD
HON HAI PREC IND CO LTD
TAIWAN SEMICONDUCTOR MFG
UNIV TSINGHUA
HONGFUJIN PREC IND SHENZHEN CO LTD
UNIV QINGHUA
1,375
247
237
231
176
84
Similar capabilities
The nine capabilities that share the most international patent families with Nanomaterials & Metamaterials, 2015 to 2024: the families counted in both as a share of those counted in either. Each card shows its five largest countries.
Critical Technology
Quantum Computing
4.5% shared · 1,409 families in both
United States
Japan
China
Germany
France
2,335
791
484
336
322
Critical Technology
Compound & Power Semiconductors
4.5% shared · 2,008 families in both
Japan
Taiwan
United States
China
South Korea
7,085
3,005
2,833
2,353
1,705
Critical Technology
Advanced Semiconductor Fabrication
3.4% shared · 5,517 families in both
Japan
United States
South Korea
Taiwan
China
44,951
23,299
22,064
19,873
15,776
Production & Innovation
Foundational & Process Industries
3.3% shared · 10,884 families in both
Japan
United States
China
South Korea
Germany
94,317
55,479
36,011
28,513
26,005
Trade & Investment
Strategic Supply Security
2.5% shared · 874 families in both
Japan
China
United States
South Korea
Germany
2,305
1,800
1,307
1,130
383
Strategic Infrastructure
Chemicals & Hazardous Process Industry
2.0% shared · 1,967 families in both
United States
Japan
China
Germany
South Korea
16,120
13,036
11,408
6,357
5,716
Critical Technology
Semiconductor Equipment & Materials
2.0% shared · 2,374 families in both
Japan
United States
South Korea
China
Taiwan
37,853
15,529
13,584
8,665
6,232
Critical Technology
Functional Materials & Coatings
1.8% shared · 992 families in both
Japan
United States
China
South Korea
Germany
11,491
5,498
3,423
3,088
2,261
Critical Technology
Superconducting, Magnetic & Photonic Materials
1.7% shared · 645 families in both
Japan
United States
China
South Korea
Germany
4,778
2,134
1,575
1,414
897
Crosswalk
How Nanomaterials & Metamaterials is matched to the patent classifications. The entries below were chosen for it; each stands for itself and everything beneath it in the scheme, 336 Cooperative entries in all. A patent family counts when any of its codes, in either scheme and at any office, falls under one of them. Codes since retired are placed under the entries that replaced them.
| Entry | Title in the scheme | Why it is chosen | CPC codes | IPC codes | Documents |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B82 | Nanotechnology | Nanotechnology: nanostructures, their manufacture and their uses | 38 | 13 | 868,974 |
| C01B32/15 | Nano-sized carbon materials | Nano-carbon: graphene, nanotubes, fullerenes | 26 | 26 | 127,313 |
| Y10S977/00 | Nanotechnology | Older US nanotechnology cross-reference collection | 264 | none | 169,525 |
| G02B1/002 | Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of materials engineered to provide properties not available in nature, e.g. metamaterials | Optical metamaterials and photonic crystals | 3 | 1 | 15,281 |
| H01Q15/0086 | Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials | Electromagnetic metamaterials for radio waves | 1 | 1 | 9,381 |
CPC and IPC codes are the codes in use on patent documents, at any office, that fall under the entry. Documents is the larger of the two schemes' counts of documents carrying one of them. An entry with no IPC codes can be told apart only in the Cooperative scheme.
The Cooperative codes in use that count towards Nanomaterials & Metamaterials: 332 codes on 1,190,474 documents. The 150 most used are listed; the full list is in the cpc-to-capability.csv download.
| Code | Title | Under entry | How placed | Documents |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| B82Y30/00 | Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites | B82 | In the scheme | 253,504 |
| B82Y40/00 | Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures | B82 | In the scheme | 197,191 |
| B82Y10/00 | Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic | B82 | In the scheme | 146,889 |
| B82Y20/00 | Nanooptics, e.g. quantum optics or photonic crystals | B82 | In the scheme | 80,878 |
| B82Y5/00 | Nanobiotechnology or nanomedicine, e.g. protein engineering or drug delivery | B82 | In the scheme | 76,196 |
| B82Y15/00 | Nanotechnology for interacting, sensing or actuating, e.g. quantum dots as markers in protein assays or molecular motors | B82 | In the scheme | 31,568 |
| B82Y25/00 | Nanomagnetism, e.g. magnetoimpedance, anisotropic magnetoresistance, giant magnetoresistance or tunneling magnetoresistance | B82 | In the scheme | 29,304 |
| B82B3/00 | Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures by manipulation of individual atoms or molecules, or limited collections of atoms or molecules as discrete units | B82 | In the scheme | 19,263 |
| C01B32/194 | After-treatment | C01B32/15 | In the scheme | 13,773 |
| C01B32/184 | Preparation | C01B32/15 | In the scheme | 12,400 |
| C01B32/15 | Nano-sized carbon materials | C01B32/15 | In the scheme | 12,332 |
| C01B32/162 | Preparation characterised by catalysts | C01B32/15 | In the scheme | 10,830 |
| B82Y35/00 | Methods or apparatus for measurement or analysis of nanostructures | B82 | In the scheme | 10,618 |
| Y10S977/773 | Nanoparticle, i.e. structure having three dimensions of 100 nm or less | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 10,309 |
| C01B32/168 | After-treatment | C01B32/15 | In the scheme | 9,879 |
| G02B1/002 | Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of materials engineered to provide properties not available in nature, e.g. metamaterials | G02B1/002 | In the scheme | 9,694 |
| H01Q15/0086 | Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials | H01Q15/0086 | In the scheme | 9,381 |
| C01B32/174 | Derivatisation; Solubilisation; Dispersion in solvents | C01B32/15 | In the scheme | 8,949 |
| C01B32/16 | Preparation | C01B32/15 | In the scheme | 7,954 |
| B82B1/00 | Nanostructures formed by manipulation of individual atoms or molecules, or limited collections of atoms or molecules as discrete units | B82 | In the scheme | 7,803 |
| Y10S977/742 | Carbon nanotubes, CNTs | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 7,265 |
| C01B32/198 | Graphene oxide | C01B32/15 | In the scheme | 6,722 |
| C01B32/19 | Preparation by exfoliation | C01B32/15 | In the scheme | 5,972 |
| C01B32/158 | Carbon nanotubes | C01B32/15 | In the scheme | 5,743 |
| C01B32/182 | Graphene | C01B32/15 | In the scheme | 5,560 |
| C01B32/186 | Preparation by chemical vapour deposition [CVD] | C01B32/15 | In the scheme | 5,530 |
| G02B1/005 | Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of materials engineered to provide properties not available in nature, e.g. metamaterials made of photonic crystals or photonic band gap materials | G02B1/002 | In the scheme | 4,664 |
| Y10S977/774 | Exhibiting three-dimensional carrier confinement, e.g. quantum dots | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 4,614 |
| Y10S977/906 | Drug delivery | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 4,401 |
| Y10S977/762 | Nanowire or quantum wire, i.e. axially elongated structure having two dimensions of 100 nm or less | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 4,168 |
| Y10S977/842 | Manufacture, treatment, or detection of nanostructure for carbon nanotubes or fullerenes | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 3,570 |
| Y10S977/932 | Specified use of nanostructure for electronic or optoelectronic application | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 3,466 |
| Y10S977/734 | Fullerenes, i.e. graphene-based structures, such as nanohorns, nanococoons, nanoscrolls or fullerene-like structures, e.g. WS2 or MoS2 chalcogenide nanotubes, planar C3N4, etc. | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 3,379 |
| Y10S977/915 | Therapeutic or pharmaceutical composition | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 3,377 |
| B82Y99/00 | Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass | B82 | In the scheme | 3,204 |
| Y10S977/775 | Nanosized powder or flake, e.g. nanosized catalyst | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 3,184 |
| Y10S977/896 | Chemical synthesis, e.g. chemical bonding or breaking | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 2,956 |
| C01B32/18 | Nanoonions; Nanoscrolls; Nanohorns; Nanocones; Nanowalls | C01B32/15 | In the scheme | 2,954 |
| Y10S977/843 | Gas phase catalytic growth, i.e. chemical vapor deposition | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 2,731 |
| Y10S977/95 | Electromagnetic energy | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 2,707 |
| C01B32/159 | Carbon nanotubes single-walled | C01B32/15 | In the scheme | 2,662 |
| C01B32/192 | Preparation by exfoliation starting from graphitic oxides | C01B32/15 | In the scheme | 2,645 |
| C01B32/156 | After-treatment | C01B32/15 | In the scheme | 2,621 |
| B82B3/0009 | Forming specific nanostructures | B82 | In the scheme | 2,425 |
| Y10S977/89 | Deposition of materials, e.g. coating, cvd, or ald | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 2,335 |
| Y10S977/948 | Energy storage/generating using nanostructure, e.g. fuel cell, battery | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 2,283 |
| Y10S977/788 | Of specified organic or carbon-based composition | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 2,139 |
| Y10S977/907 | Liposome | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 2,135 |
| Y10S977/904 | Specified use of nanostructure for medical, immunological, body treatment, or diagnosis | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 2,062 |
| C01B32/164 | Preparation involving continuous processes | C01B32/15 | In the scheme | 1,962 |
| Y10S977/892 | Liquid phase deposition | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 1,887 |
| C01B32/17 | Purification | C01B32/15 | In the scheme | 1,847 |
| Y10S977/75 | Single-walled | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 1,834 |
| Y10S977/847 | Surface modifications, e.g. functionalization, coating | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 1,819 |
| Y10S977/70 | Nanostructure | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 1,760 |
| Y10S977/888 | Shaping or removal of materials, e.g. etching | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 1,723 |
| Y10S977/938 | Field effect transistors, FETS, with nanowire- or nanotube-channel region | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 1,695 |
| Y10S977/902 | Specified use of nanostructure | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 1,663 |
| Y10S977/811 | Of specified metal oxide composition, e.g. conducting or semiconducting compositions such as ITO, ZnOx | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 1,658 |
| Y10S977/81 | Of specified metal or metal alloy composition | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 1,546 |
| Y10S977/926 | Topical chemical, e.g. cosmetic or sunscreen | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 1,478 |
| B82B3/0004 | Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of nanostructural devices or systems or methods for manufacturing the same | B82 | In the scheme | 1,475 |
| Y10S977/924 | Specified use of nanostructure for medical, immunological, body treatment, or diagnosis using nanostructure as support of dna analysis | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 1,417 |
| C01B32/154 | Preparation | C01B32/15 | In the scheme | 1,409 |
| Y10S977/778 | Nanostructure within specified host or matrix material, e.g. nanocomposite films | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 1,405 |
| Y10S977/777 | Metallic powder or flake | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 1,396 |
| Y10S977/943 | Information storage or retrieval using nanostructure | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 1,396 |
| Y10S977/752 | Multi-walled | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 1,392 |
| Y10S977/887 | Nanoimprint lithography, i.e. nanostamp | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 1,379 |
| Y10S977/84 | Manufacture, treatment, or detection of nanostructure | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 1,336 |
| Y10S977/753 | Fullerenes, i.e. graphene-based structures, such as nanohorns, nanococoons, nanoscrolls or fullerene-like structures, e.g. WS2 or MoS2 chalcogenide nanotubes, planar C3N4, etc. with polymeric or organic binder | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 1,289 |
| C01B32/172 | Sorting | C01B32/15 | In the scheme | 1,246 |
| Y10S977/92 | Detection of biochemical | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 1,228 |
| Y10S977/90 | Manufacture, treatment, or detection of nanostructure having step or means utilizing mechanical or thermal property, e.g. pressure, heat | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 1,220 |
| Y10S977/779 | Possessing nanosized particles, powders, flakes, or clusters other than simple atomic impurity doping | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 1,203 |
| B82B1/008 | Nanostructures not provided for in groups B82B1/001 - B82B1/007 | B82 | In the scheme | 1,173 |
| B82B3/0038 | Manufacturing processes for forming specific nanostructures not provided for in groups B82B3/0014 - B82B3/0033 | B82 | In the scheme | 1,127 |
| Y10S977/845 | Purification or separation of fullerenes or nanotubes | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 1,127 |
| Y10S977/783 | Organic host/matrix, e.g. lipid | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 1,096 |
| Y10S977/776 | Ceramic powder or flake | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 1,089 |
| B82B3/0095 | Manufacture or treatments or nanostructures not provided for in groups B82B3/0009 - B82B3/009 | B82 | In the scheme | 1,084 |
| Y10S977/891 | Vapor phase deposition | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 1,023 |
| C01B32/152 | Fullerenes | C01B32/15 | In the scheme | 975 |
| Y10S977/933 | Spintronics or quantum computing | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 965 |
| C01B32/188 | Preparation by epitaxial growth | C01B32/15 | In the scheme | 949 |
| Y10S977/927 | Diagnostic contrast agent | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 936 |
| Y10S977/824 | Group II-VI nonoxide compounds, e.g. CdxMnyTe | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 934 |
| Y10S977/755 | Nanosheet or quantum barrier/well, i.e. layer structure having one dimension or thickness of 100 nm or less | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 928 |
| G02B1/007 | Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of materials engineered to provide properties not available in nature, e.g. metamaterials made of negative effective refractive index materials | G02B1/002 | In the scheme | 923 |
| Y10S977/834 | Optical properties of nanomaterial, e.g. specified transparency, opacity, or index of refraction | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 915 |
| Y10S977/936 | Specified use of nanostructure for electronic or optoelectronic application in a transistor or 3-terminal device | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 902 |
| Y10S977/844 | Growth by vaporization or dissociation of carbon source using a high-energy heat source, e.g. electric arc, laser, plasma, e-beam | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 900 |
| Y10S977/939 | Electron emitter, e.g. spindt emitter tip coated with nanoparticles | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 897 |
| Y10S977/745 | Carbon nanotubes, CNTs having a modified surface | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 871 |
| Y10S977/795 | Composed of biological material | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 856 |
| Y10S977/801 | Drug | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 855 |
| C01B32/196 | Purification | C01B32/15 | In the scheme | 843 |
| Y10S977/838 | Magnetic property of nanomaterial | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 833 |
| Y10S977/849 | Manufacture, treatment, or detection of nanostructure with scanning probe | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 807 |
| Y10S977/935 | Spin dependent tunnel, SDT, junction, e.g. tunneling magnetoresistance, TMR | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 802 |
| Y10S977/918 | Immunological | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 786 |
| Y10S977/947 | Information storage or retrieval using nanostructure with scanning probe instrument | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 784 |
| Y10S977/881 | Microscopy or spectroscopy, e.g. sem, tem | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 772 |
| Y10S977/952 | Display | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 764 |
| Y10S977/851 | Particular movement or positioning of scanning tip | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 756 |
| Y10S977/852 | Manufacture, treatment, or detection of nanostructure with scanning probe for detection of specific nanostructure sample or nanostructure-related property | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 753 |
| Y10S977/724 | Devices having flexible or movable element | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 749 |
| Y10S977/954 | Of radiant energy | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 749 |
| Y10S977/712 | Integrated with dissimilar structures on a common substrate formed from plural layers of nanosized material, e.g. stacked structures | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 743 |
| Y10S977/872 | Positioner | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 728 |
| Y10S977/873 | Tip holder | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 724 |
| B82B3/0014 | Array or network of similar nanostructural elements | B82 | In the scheme | 707 |
| Y10S977/813 | Of specified inorganic semiconductor composition, e.g. periodic table group IV-VI compositions | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 689 |
| Y10S977/754 | Dendrimer, i.e. serially branching or "tree-like" structure | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 688 |
| Y10S977/861 | Scanning tunneling probe | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 686 |
| Y10S977/802 | Virus-based particle | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 683 |
| Y10S977/882 | Assembling of separate components, e.g. by attaching | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 667 |
| Y10S977/905 | Specially adapted for travel through blood circulatory system | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 662 |
| Y10S977/746 | Modified with biological, organic, or hydrocarbon material | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 657 |
| Y10S977/869 | Optical microscope | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 640 |
| Y10S977/895 | Manufacture, treatment, or detection of nanostructure having step or means utilizing chemical property | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 639 |
| Y10S977/748 | Modified with atoms or molecules bonded to the surface | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 625 |
| C01B32/166 | Preparation in liquid phase | C01B32/15 | In the scheme | 605 |
| Y10S977/86 | Scanning probe structure | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 581 |
| Y10S977/862 | Near-field probe | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 581 |
| C01B32/178 | Opening; Filling | C01B32/15 | In the scheme | 573 |
| Y10S977/957 | Of chemical property or presence | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 561 |
| Y10S977/897 | Polymerization | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 553 |
| Y10S977/916 | Gene therapy | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 553 |
| Y10S977/94 | Specified use of nanostructure for electronic or optoelectronic application in a logic circuit | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 523 |
| Y10S977/72 | On an electrically conducting, semi-conducting, or semi-insulating substrate | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 521 |
| Y10S977/857 | Manufacture, treatment, or detection of nanostructure with scanning probe for manufacture of nanostructure including coating | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 520 |
| Y10S977/863 | Atomic force probe | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 514 |
| Y10S977/901 | Manufacture, treatment, or detection of nanostructure having step or means utilizing electromagnetic property, e.g. optical, x-ray, electron beamm | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 499 |
| Y10S977/953 | Detector using nanostructure | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 486 |
| Y10S977/818 | III-P based compounds, e.g. AlxGayIn2P | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 477 |
| Y10S977/833 | Thermal property of nanomaterial, e.g. thermally conducting/insulating or exhibiting peltier or seebeck effect | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 471 |
| Y10S977/804 | Containing nucleic acid | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 462 |
| B82B1/001 | Devices without movable or flexible elements | B82 | In the scheme | 447 |
| Y10S977/856 | Manufacture, treatment, or detection of nanostructure with scanning probe for manufacture of nanostructure including etching/cutting | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 437 |
| B82B3/0019 | Forming specific nanostructures without movable or flexible elements | B82 | In the scheme | 433 |
| Y10S977/789 | Of specified organic or carbon-based composition in array format | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 429 |
| Y10S977/929 | Ultrasound contrast agent | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 426 |
| B82B1/005 | Constitution or structural means for improving the physical properties of a device | B82 | In the scheme | 422 |
| Y10S977/704 | Nucleic acids, e.g. DNA or RNA | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 419 |
| Y10S977/911 | Cancer cell destruction | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 419 |
| Y10S977/917 | Vaccine | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 418 |
| Y10S977/855 | Manufacture, treatment, or detection of nanostructure with scanning probe for manufacture of nanostructure | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 417 |
| Y10S977/702 | Integrated with dissimilar structures on a common substrate having biological material component | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 415 |
| Y10S977/951 | Laser | Y10S977/00 | In the scheme | 411 |