Governance & Integrity

Organised Crime & Illicit Economy Response

The capacity to fight networks rather than incidents: standing units, intelligence-led operations, asset recovery and the cross-border cooperation that organised crime forces on every state. One of the capabilities of Internal Security & Order.

International families: 3,3312015 to 2024
Leading country: United States1.2× the next
All families: 8,424home filings included
Over five years: Falling2020 to 2024 against the five before

Year by year

Patent families by country of origin and the year of the earliest filing, 2000 to 2025; 2025 is a part year, still filling in. International families are those for which protection was sought beyond one country.

Volume

International patent families in the capability, by the year of the earliest filing.

Source: Global Institute for National Capability (GINC), 2026. Underlying patents from 107 patent offices, IFI CLAIMS and Google

Share by country

Each country's share of the year's international families, in per cent: the capability's five largest countries of origin, 2015 to 2024, and the rest of the world.

Source: Global Institute for National Capability (GINC), 2026. Underlying patents from 107 patent offices, IFI CLAIMS and Google

Country leaderboard

International patent families, 2015 to 2024, by country of origin. Growth compares the latest five full years with the five before.

Ten largest

United States

Japan

China

Germany

France

United Kingdom

Switzerland

South Korea

Canada

Italy

744

596

588

394

135

133

106

104


1	United States	744	22.3%	0.6×	1,196
2	Japan	596	17.9%	0.6×	975
3	China	588	17.7%	0.7×	4,152
4	Germany	394	11.8%	1.0×	458
5	France	135	4.1%	0.9×	182
6	United Kingdom	133	4.0%	0.5×	164
7	Switzerland	106	3.2%	0.6×	117
8	South Korea	104	3.1%	1.0×	426
9	Canada	60	1.8%	0.8×	72
10	Italy	49	1.5%	1.0×	70
11	Australia	49	1.5%	0.8×	59
12	Israel	39	1.2%	1.2×	48
13	Taiwan	27	0.8%	0.5×	44
14	Netherlands	26	0.8%	0.6×	28
15	Austria	25	0.8%	0.9×	25
16	Spain	25	0.8%	1.1×	32
17	India	22	0.7%	0.6×	28
18	Sweden	21	0.6%	0.3×	23
19	Russia	20	0.6%	0.1×	76
20	Belgium	17	0.5%	0.9×	19
21	Singapore	17	0.5%	4.7×	20
22	Türkiye	15	0.5%	1.1×	24
23	Poland	14	0.4%	0.8×	26
24	Finland	12	0.4%	0.7×	13
25	Denmark	10	0.3%	0.7×	10
26	Portugal	9	0.3%	3.5×	10
27	Ireland	8	0.2%	1.0×	11
28	South Africa	7	0.2%	0.4×	8
29	Luxembourg	6	0.2%	0.0×	7
30	Cayman Islands	4	0.1%	0.0×	4
31	Brazil	3	0.1%	2.0×	18
32	Saudi Arabia	3	0.1%	0.0×	8
33	Malaysia	3	0.1%	–	3
34	Hungary	3	0.1%	–	4
35	Norway	2	0.1%	0.0×	2
36	Hong Kong	2	0.1%	0.0×	5
37	New Zealand	2	0.1%	0.0×	2
38	Czechia	2	0.1%	–	3
39	Mexico	1	0.0%	0.0×	6
40	Liechtenstein	0	0.0%	–	1

Applicants

The largest applicants by international patent families, 2015 to 2024: across the world, then within each of the five countries with the most families in Organised Crime & Illicit Economy Response. Names are as held in the source and are not consolidated across subsidiaries.

Global

3,331 international families

NUCTECH CO LTD · China

UNIV TSINGHUA · China

GLORY KOGYO KK · Japan

GIESECKE & DEVRIENT CURRENCY TECHNOLOGY GMBH · Germany

BUNDESDRUCKEREI GMBH · Germany

NUCTECH CO LIMITED · China

300

153

126

108

United States

744 international families

UNIV CALIFORNIA

SMITHS DETECTION INC

VIKEN DETECTION CORP

RAPISCAN HOLDINGS INC

SPECTRA SYSTEMS CORP

NCR CORP

Japan

596 international families

GLORY KOGYO KK

TOSHIBA KK

TOSHIBA CORP

NEC CORP

MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC CORP

FUJITSU FRONTECH LTD

126

China

588 international families

NUCTECH CO LTD

UNIV TSINGHUA

NUCTECH CO LIMITED

GRG BANKING EQUIPMENT CO LTD

NUCTECH BEIJING COMPANY LTD

SAME PARTY WEIVISION TECH CO LTD

300

153

Germany

394 international families

GIESECKE & DEVRIENT CURRENCY TECHNOLOGY GMBH

BUNDESDRUCKEREI GMBH

GIESECKE & DEVRIENT GMBH

GIESECKE DEVRIENT CURRENCY TECH GMBH

BOSCH GMBH ROBERT

SMITHS DETECTION GERMANY GMBH

107

France

135 international families

SMITHS DETECTION FRANCE S A S

VIENNE AYMERIC

SMITHS HEIMANN SAS

CENTRE NAT RECH SCIENT

IDEMIA IDENTITY & SECURITY FRANCE

SMITHS DETECTION FRANCE

Similar capabilities

The nine capabilities that share the most international patent families with Organised Crime & Illicit Economy Response, 2015 to 2024: the families counted in both as a share of those counted in either. Each card shows its five largest countries.

1.0% shared · 37 families in both

United States

Germany

Japan

South Korea

China

137

Crosswalk

How Organised Crime & Illicit Economy Response is matched to the patent classifications. The entries below were chosen for it; each stands for itself and everything beneath it in the scheme, 80 Cooperative entries in all. A patent family counts when any of its codes, in either scheme and at any office, falls under one of them. Codes since retired are placed under the entries that replaced them.

Entry	Title in the scheme	Why it is chosen	CPC codes	IPC codes	Documents
G01V5/20	Detecting prohibited goods, e.g. weapons, explosives, hazardous substances, contraband or smuggled objects	Radiation screening for weapons, explosives and contraband	12	5	24,630
G01S13/887	Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for detection of concealed objects, e.g. contraband or weapons	Radar detection of concealed weapons or contraband	2	none	5,629
G01N33/94	Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving narcotics or drugs or pharmaceuticals, neurotransmitters or associated receptors	Tests for narcotics and other drugs in body samples	15	1	22,281
G07D7/00	Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency	Testing the genuineness of banknotes and valuable papers	72	34	85,340
G06Q40/024	Anti-fraud, anti-money laundering or know-your-customer	Anti-fraud and anti-money-laundering systems	1	none	236

CPC and IPC codes are the codes in use on patent documents, at any office, that fall under the entry. Documents is the larger of the two schemes' counts of documents carrying one of them. An entry with no IPC codes can be told apart only in the Cooperative scheme.

The Cooperative codes in use that count towards Organised Crime & Illicit Economy Response: 102 codes on 133,630 documents. The full crosswalk is in the cpc-to-capability.csv download.

Code	Title	Under entry	How placed	Documents
G07D7/12	Visible light, infrared or ultraviolet radiation	G07D7/00	In the scheme	13,294
G01N33/94	Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving narcotics or drugs or pharmaceuticals, neurotransmitters or associated receptors	G01N33/94	In the scheme	7,995
G01V5/22	Active interrogation, i.e. by irradiating objects or goods using external radiation sources, e.g. using gamma rays or cosmic rays	G01V5/20	In the scheme	6,815
G07D7/1205	Testing spectral properties	G07D7/00	In the scheme	6,180
G07D7/121	Apparatus characterised by sensor details	G07D7/00	In the scheme	4,949
G07D7/04	Testing magnetic properties of the materials thereof, e.g. by detection of magnetic imprint	G07D7/00	In the scheme	4,693
G01S13/887	Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for detection of concealed objects, e.g. contraband or weapons	G01S13/887	In the scheme	4,108
G01V5/20	Detecting prohibited goods, e.g. weapons, explosives, hazardous substances, contraband or smuggled objects	G01V5/20	In the scheme	3,974
G07D7/20	Testing patterns thereon	G07D7/00	In the scheme	3,872
G07D7/003	Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using security elements	G07D7/00	In the scheme	3,739
G07D7/128	Viewing devices	G07D7/00	In the scheme	3,357
G07D7/00	Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency	G07D7/00	In the scheme	3,218
G07D7/004	Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using digital security elements, e.g. information coded on a magnetic thread or strip	G07D7/00	In the scheme	3,018
G01V5/226	Active interrogation, i.e. by irradiating objects or goods using external radiation sources, e.g. using gamma rays or cosmic rays using tomography	G01V5/20	In the scheme	2,972
G01V5/222	Active interrogation, i.e. by irradiating objects or goods using external radiation sources, e.g. using gamma rays or cosmic rays measuring scattered radiation	G01V5/20	In the scheme	2,820
G07D7/0032	Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using security elements using holograms	G07D7/00	In the scheme	2,039
G01N33/948	Sedatives, e.g. cannabinoids, barbiturates	G01N33/94	In the scheme	2,034
G01V5/224	Multiple energy techniques using one type of radiation, e.g. X-rays of different energies	G01V5/20	In the scheme	2,032
G01N33/9486	Analgesics, e.g. opiates, aspirine	G01N33/94	In the scheme	1,901
G07D7/0047	Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using digital security elements, e.g. information coded on a magnetic thread or strip using checkcodes, e.g. coded numbers derived from serial number and denomination	G07D7/00	In the scheme	1,885
G07D7/206	Matching template patterns	G07D7/00	In the scheme	1,829
G07D7/2033	Matching unique patterns, i.e. patterns that are unique to each individual paper	G07D7/00	In the scheme	1,805
G07D7/005	Testing security markings invisible to the naked eye, e.g. verifying thickened lines or unobtrusive markings or alterations	G07D7/00	In the scheme	1,802
G07D7/0043	Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using digital security elements, e.g. information coded on a magnetic thread or strip using barcodes	G07D7/00	In the scheme	1,771
G01N33/9406	Neurotransmitters	G01N33/94	In the scheme	1,711
G07D7/01	Testing electronic circuits therein	G07D7/00	In the scheme	1,695
G07D7/2016	Testing patterns thereon using feature extraction, e.g. segmentation, edge detection or Hough-transformation	G07D7/00	In the scheme	1,651
G01V5/232	Active interrogation, i.e. by irradiating objects or goods using external radiation sources, e.g. using gamma rays or cosmic rays having relative motion between the source, detector and object other than by conveyor	G01V5/20	In the scheme	1,598
G01S13/888	Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for detection of concealed objects, e.g. contraband or weapons through wall detection	G01S13/887	In the scheme	1,521
G01N33/9446	Antibacterials	G01N33/94	In the scheme	1,500
G07D7/164	Thickness	G07D7/00	In the scheme	1,437
G07D7/202	Testing patterns thereon using pattern matching	G07D7/00	In the scheme	1,422
G07D7/205	Matching spectral properties	G07D7/00	In the scheme	1,335
G01N33/946	CNS-stimulants, e.g. cocaine, amphetamines	G01N33/94	In the scheme	1,288
G07D7/0034	Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using security elements using watermarks	G07D7/00	In the scheme	1,275
G01N33/9493	Immunosupressants	G01N33/94	In the scheme	1,258
G01V5/26	Passive interrogation, i.e. by measuring radiation emitted by objects or goods	G01V5/20	In the scheme	1,147
G07D7/207	Matching patterns that are created by the interaction of two or more layers, e.g. moiré patterns	G07D7/00	In the scheme	1,074
G07D7/06	Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using wave or particle radiation	G07D7/00	In the scheme	1,059
G07D7/2008	Testing patterns thereon using pre-processing, e.g. de-blurring, averaging, normalisation or rotation	G07D7/00	In the scheme	984
G07D7/187	Detecting defacement or contamination, e.g. dirt	G07D7/00	In the scheme	977
G01N33/942	Serotonin, i.e. 5-hydroxy-tryptamine	G01N33/94	In the scheme	944
G07D7/181	Testing mechanical properties or condition, e.g. wear or tear	G07D7/00	In the scheme	942
G07D7/162	Length or width	G07D7/00	In the scheme	889
G01V5/281	Detecting prohibited goods, e.g. weapons, explosives, hazardous substances, contraband or smuggled objects detecting special nuclear material [SNM], e.g. Uranium-235, Uranium-233 or Plutonium-239	G01V5/20	In the scheme	863
G07D7/17	Apparatus characterised by positioning means or by means responsive to positioning	G07D7/00	In the scheme	863
G01N33/9413	Dopamine	G01N33/94	In the scheme	789
G01N33/9453	Cardioregulators, e.g. antihypotensives, antiarrhythmics	G01N33/94	In the scheme	765
G07D7/026	Testing electrical properties of the materials thereof using capacitive sensors	G07D7/00	In the scheme	750
G07D7/183	Detecting folds or doubles	G07D7/00	In the scheme	713
G01V5/234	Measuring induced radiation, e.g. thermal neutron activation analysis	G01V5/20	In the scheme	700
G01V5/223	Mixed interrogation beams, e.g. using more than one type of radiation beam	G01V5/20	In the scheme	694
G01V5/271	Detecting prohibited goods, e.g. weapons, explosives, hazardous substances, contraband or smuggled objects using a network, e.g. a remote expert, accessing remote data or the like	G01V5/20	In the scheme	645
G07D7/08	Acoustic waves	G07D7/00	In the scheme	633
G07D7/14	Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using chemical means	G07D7/00	In the scheme	601
G07D7/16	Testing the dimensions	G07D7/00	In the scheme	567
G01N33/9426	GABA, i.e. gamma-amino-butyrate	G01N33/94	In the scheme	549
G01N33/944	Acetylcholine	G01N33/94	In the scheme	478
G07D7/2075	Setting acceptance levels or parameters	G07D7/00	In the scheme	437
G07D7/185	Detecting holes or pores	G07D7/00	In the scheme	435
G07D7/2041	Matching statistical distributions, e.g. of particle sizes orientations	G07D7/00	In the scheme	421
G07D7/02	Testing electrical properties of the materials thereof	G07D7/00	In the scheme	418
G01N33/9466	Antidepressants	G01N33/94	In the scheme	401
G01N33/9433	(Nor)adrenaline	G01N33/94	In the scheme	389
G01V5/228	Active interrogation, i.e. by irradiating objects or goods using external radiation sources, e.g. using gamma rays or cosmic rays using stereoscopic means	G01V5/20	In the scheme	370
G07D7/189	Detecting attached objects, e.g. tapes or clips	G07D7/00	In the scheme	369
G07D7/182	Testing stiffness	G07D7/00	In the scheme	324
G01N33/9473	Anticonvulsants, e.g. phenobarbitol, phenytoin	G01N33/94	In the scheme	279
G07D7/2083	Learning	G07D7/00	In the scheme	274
G07D7/10	Microwaves	G07D7/00	In the scheme	242
G06Q40/024	Anti-fraud, anti-money laundering or know-your-customer	G06Q40/024	In the scheme	236
G07D7/0056	Testing security markings invisible to the naked eye, e.g. verifying thickened lines or unobtrusive markings or alterations involving markings the properties of which are altered from original properties involving markings of altered colours	G07D7/00	In the scheme	209
G07D7/0053	Testing security markings invisible to the naked eye, e.g. verifying thickened lines or unobtrusive markings or alterations involving markings added to a pattern, e.g. interstitial points	G07D7/00	In the scheme	189
G07D7/122	Retired code	G07D7/00	Retired, by main group	143
G07D7/15	Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using heating means	G07D7/00	In the scheme	137
G07D7/0054	Testing security markings invisible to the naked eye, e.g. verifying thickened lines or unobtrusive markings or alterations involving markings the properties of which are altered from original properties	G07D7/00	In the scheme	126
G07D7/023	Measuring conductivity by direct contact	G07D7/00	In the scheme	117
G07D7/0055	Testing security markings invisible to the naked eye, e.g. verifying thickened lines or unobtrusive markings or alterations involving markings the properties of which are altered from original properties involving markings displaced slightly from original positions within a pattern	G07D7/00	In the scheme	82
G07D7/2091	Setting a plurality of levels	G07D7/00	In the scheme	76
G07D7/0057	Testing security markings invisible to the naked eye, e.g. verifying thickened lines or unobtrusive markings or alterations involving markings the properties of which are altered from original properties involving markings which are altered in dimension, e.g. thickened lines	G07D7/00	In the scheme	67
G07D7/124	Retired code	G07D7/00	Retired, by main group	66
G07D7/0006	Retired code	G07D7/00	Retired, by main group	62
G07D7/0051	Testing security markings invisible to the naked eye, e.g. verifying thickened lines or unobtrusive markings or alterations involving markings removed from an original pattern	G07D7/00	In the scheme	51
G07D7/2058	Retired code	G07D7/00	Retired, by main group	47
G07D7/2025	Retired code	G07D7/00	Retired, by main group	36
G07D7/0033	Retired code	G07D7/00	Retired, by main group	29
G07D7/0046	Retired code	G07D7/00	Retired, by main group	25
G07D7/0026	Retired code	G07D7/00	Retired, by main group	22
G07D7/168	Retired code	G07D7/00	Retired, by main group	19
G07D7/18	Retired code	G07D7/00	Retired, by main group	16
G07D7/2066	Retired code	G07D7/00	Retired, by main group	16
G07D7/0093	Retired code	G07D7/00	Retired, by main group	15
G07D7/002	Retired code	G07D7/00	Retired, by main group	11
G07D7/125	Retired code	G07D7/00	Retired, by main group	9
G07D7/127	Retired code	G07D7/00	Retired, by main group	9
G07D7/166	Retired code	G07D7/00	Retired, by main group	9
G07D7/0066	Retired code	G07D7/00	Retired, by main group	7
G07D7/0013	Retired code	G07D7/00	Retired, by main group	6
G07D7/0073	Retired code	G07D7/00	Retired, by main group	6
G07D7/0086	Retired code	G07D7/00	Retired, by main group	4
G07D7/008	Retired code	G07D7/00	Retired, by main group	3
G07D7/006	Retired code	G07D7/00	Retired, by main group	2

Match: Through its tools

The classification names the equipment or technology the capability draws on, not the capability. The count says how much is being invented for it, not how well it is done. Captures contraband screening, drug testing and counterfeit detection; the radar and anti-money-laundering entries are CPC only, drug tests include clinical drug monitoring, and intelligence-led operations are not captured. The crosswalk is a first pass that nobody has reviewed.

Other capabilities in Internal Security & Order

Policing & Law Enforcement
Criminal Justice & Corrections