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National Security

Nuclear Forces

The capacity to hold an adversary at risk with survivable nuclear forces: the deployed triad or dyad and the warheads they deliver. One of the capabilities of Nuclear Deterrence.

International families
162015 to 2024
Leading country
United States3.3× the next
All families
53home filings included
Over five years
Falling2020 to 2024 against the five before

Year by year

Patent families by country of origin and the year of the earliest filing, 2000 to 2025; 2025 is a part year, still filling in. International families are those for which protection was sought beyond one country.

Volume

International patent families in the capability, by the year of the earliest filing.

Source: Global Institute for National Capability (GINC), 2026. Underlying patents from 107 patent offices, IFI CLAIMS and Google

Share by country

Each country's share of the year's international families, in per cent: the capability's five largest countries of origin, 2015 to 2024, and the rest of the world.

Source: Global Institute for National Capability (GINC), 2026. Underlying patents from 107 patent offices, IFI CLAIMS and Google

Country leaderboard

International patent families, 2015 to 2024, by country of origin. Growth compares the latest five full years with the five before.

Ten largest

United States

Germany

Norway

France

China

South Korea

United Kingdom

Switzerland

Russia

10

3

2

1

0

0

0

0

0

2000 to 2025
1United States1062.5%0.7×
14
2Germany318.8%0.5×
7
3Norway212.5%0.0×
2
4France16.3%0.0×
1
5China00.0%–
6
6South Korea00.0%–
6
7United Kingdom00.0%–
1
8Switzerland00.0%–
2
9Russia00.0%–
10

Applicants

The largest applicants by international patent families, 2015 to 2024: across the world, then within each of the five countries with the most families in Nuclear Forces. Names are as held in the source and are not consolidated across subsidiaries.

Global

16 international families

RAYTHEON CO · United States

CANRIG ROBOTIC TECH A/S · Norway

CANRIG ROBOTIC TECHNOLOGIES AS · Norway

Nabors Lux 2 Sarl · Norway

THYSSENKRUPP AG · Germany

THYSSENKRUPP MARINE SYS GMBH · Germany

6

2

2

2

2

2

United States

10 international families

RAYTHEON CO

AEROVIRONMENT INC

BLKBOX LLC

CRYE CALEB

MSI DEFENSE SOLUTIONS LLC

UNITED LAUNCH ALLIANCE L L C

6

1

1

1

1

1

Germany

3 international families

THYSSENKRUPP AG

THYSSENKRUPP MARINE SYS GMBH

CITIUS ALTIUS GMBH

2

2

1

Norway

2 international families

CANRIG ROBOTIC TECH A/S

CANRIG ROBOTIC TECHNOLOGIES AS

Nabors Lux 2 Sarl

NABORS LUX FINANCE 2 S A R L

2

2

2

1

France

1 international families

NAVAL GROUP

1

Similar capabilities

The nine capabilities that share the most international patent families with Nuclear Forces, 2015 to 2024: the families counted in both as a share of those counted in either. Each card shows its five largest countries.

National Security

Sea Control

0.9% shared · 2 families in both

Germany

United States

United Kingdom

France

South Korea

37

32

31

25

13

National Security

Air Strike & Interdiction

0.8% shared · 2 families in both

United States

United Kingdom

Türkiye

Germany

South Korea

45

40

29

23

15

National Security

Land Fires

0.8% shared · 11 families in both

United States

Germany

France

United Kingdom

South Korea

357

232

127

113

93

National Security

Operational Sustainment & War Reserves

0.5% shared · 2 families in both

United States

Germany

France

United Kingdom

China

88

67

32

24

23

National Security

Long-Range Strike

0.5% shared · 4 families in both

United States

Germany

United Kingdom

France

Israel

278

159

88

77

44

National Security

Control of the Air

0.2% shared · 1 families in both

United States

United Kingdom

Germany

Türkiye

France

176

57

50

43

41

National Security

Sea Denial & Undersea Warfare

0.2% shared · 3 families in both

United States

Germany

China

France

Japan

308

277

266

139

138

Critical Technology

Space Launch & Reusable Systems

0.2% shared · 2 families in both

United States

France

Germany

Japan

China

369

176

121

104

78

Strategic Infrastructure

Military Bases & Installations

0.1% shared · 2 families in both

United States

Germany

South Korea

United Kingdom

Japan

353

218

111

100

84

Crosswalk

How Nuclear Forces is matched to the patent classifications. The entries below were chosen for it; each stands for itself and everything beneath it in the scheme, 3 Cooperative entries in all. A patent family counts when any of its codes, in either scheme and at any office, falls under one of them. Codes since retired are placed under the entries that replaced them.

EntryTitle in the schemeWhy it is chosenCPC codesIPC codesDocuments
G21J1/00Nuclear explosive devices "atomic bombs"Nuclear explosive devices1189
F42B15/12Intercontinental ballistic missilesIntercontinental ballistic missiles1188
F41F3/073Silos for rockets, e.g. mounting or sealing rockets thereinMissile silos11365

CPC and IPC codes are the codes in use on patent documents, at any office, that fall under the entry. Documents is the larger of the two schemes' counts of documents carrying one of them. An entry with no IPC codes can be told apart only in the Cooperative scheme.

The Cooperative codes in use that count towards Nuclear Forces: 3 codes on 500 documents. The full crosswalk is in the cpc-to-capability.csv download.

CodeTitleUnder entryHow placedDocuments
F41F3/073Silos for rockets, e.g. mounting or sealing rockets thereinF41F3/073In the scheme365
F42B15/12Intercontinental ballistic missilesF42B15/12In the scheme88
G21J1/00Nuclear explosive devices "atomic bombs"G21J1/00In the scheme47
Match: Through its tools
The classification names the equipment or technology the capability draws on, not the capability. The count says how much is being invented for it, not how well it is done. A token match of a few dozen documents: weapon design is secret and unpatented, and missile submarines and bombers fall under other capabilities. The crosswalk is a first pass that nobody has reviewed.

Other capabilities in Nuclear Deterrence