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Strategic Infrastructure

Supply Chain & Ecosystem

Supply chain and ecosystem covers the shared industrial fabric that connects producers, including industrial parks, special economic zones, supplier clusters and manufacturing-oriented warehousing. One of the capabilities of Advanced Manufacturing.

International families
20k2015 to 2024
Leading country
Japan1.4× the next
All families
95khome filings included
Over five years
Rising2020 to 2024 against the five before

Year by year

Patent families by country of origin and the year of the earliest filing, 2000 to 2025; 2025 is a part year, still filling in. International families are those for which protection was sought beyond one country.

Volume

International patent families in the capability, by the year of the earliest filing.

Source: Global Institute for National Capability (GINC), 2026. Underlying patents from 107 patent offices, IFI CLAIMS and Google

Share by country

Each country's share of the year's international families, in per cent: the capability's five largest countries of origin, 2015 to 2024, and the rest of the world.

Source: Global Institute for National Capability (GINC), 2026. Underlying patents from 107 patent offices, IFI CLAIMS and Google

Country leaderboard

International patent families, 2015 to 2024, by country of origin. Growth compares the latest five full years with the five before.

Ten largest

Japan

United States

China

Germany

South Korea

Norway

Taiwan

United Kingdom

France

Switzerland

5,464

3,990

2,382

2,036

1,428

516

407

397

361

314

2000 to 2025
1Japan5,46427.6%1.5×
11,506
2United States3,99020.2%1.0×
8,154
3China2,38212.1%2.6×
57,230
4Germany2,03610.3%1.6×
3,051
5South Korea1,4287.2%3.1×
8,931
6Norway5162.6%2.7×
543
7Taiwan4072.1%1.5×
849
8United Kingdom3972.0%2.4×
539
9France3611.8%1.3×
545
10Switzerland3141.6%1.1×
361
11Italy2981.5%1.4×
480
12Canada2731.4%1.1×
379
13Austria2171.1%1.1×
240
14India1991.0%1.9×
288
15Australia1510.8%0.9×
198
16Netherlands1460.7%1.0×
167
17Israel1330.7%1.1×
176
18Sweden1190.6%0.8×
142
19Singapore1040.5%1.0×
118
20Finland880.4%1.3×
108
21Türkiye870.4%3.1×
140
22Belgium740.4%2.7×
114
23Spain710.4%1.1×
88
24Ireland670.3%0.9×
92
25Denmark480.2%1.1×
49
26Poland320.2%1.9×
89
27Brazil290.1%0.5×
77
28Cayman Islands280.1%0.0×
29
29Hong Kong270.1%0.6×
36
30Russia210.1%1.3×
75
31Saudi Arabia190.1%2.8×
33
32New Zealand150.1%0.7×
20
33Czechia140.1%1.3×
24
34Malaysia130.1%3.3×
21
35South Africa120.1%1.4×
13
36Luxembourg120.1%0.7×
15
37Hungary120.1%2.0×
21
38Portugal110.1%1.2×
16
39Liechtenstein70.0%–
9
40Mexico50.0%0.7×
14

Applicants

The largest applicants by international patent families, 2015 to 2024: across the world, then within each of the five countries with the most families in Supply Chain & Ecosystem. Names are as held in the source and are not consolidated across subsidiaries.

Global

19,765 international families

DAIFUKU KK · Japan

AUTOSTORE TECH AS · Norway

HITACHI LTD · Japan

WALMART APOLLO LLC · United States

MURATA MACHINERY LTD · Japan

COUPANG CORP · South Korea

532

491

430

356

335

314

Japan

5,464 international families

DAIFUKU KK

HITACHI LTD

MURATA MACHINERY LTD

TOYOTA MOTOR CORP

TOYOTA MOTOR CO LTD

PANASONIC IP MAN CO LTD

523

422

334

307

295

274

United States

3,990 international families

WALMART APOLLO LLC

WAL MART STORES INC

AMAZON TECH INC

SYMBOTIC LLC

BOEING CO

FORD GLOBAL TECH LLC

355

166

79

77

61

58

China

2,382 international families

HAI ROBOTICS CO LTD

BEIJING GEEKPLUS TECH CO LTD

SHENZHEN HAIROU INNOVATION TECH CO LTD

BEIJING JINGDONG QIANSHI TECH CO LTD

BEIJING JINGDONG CENTURY TRADING CO LTD

BEIJING JINGDONG SHANGKE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CO LTD

221

192

177

122

76

68

Germany

2,036 international families

SIEMENS AG

BASF SE

BOSCH GMBH ROBERT

DEMATIC GMBH

JUNGHEINRICH AG

GEBHARDT FOERDERTECH

256

173

84

60

60

31

South Korea

1,428 international families

COUPANG CORP

SEMES CO LTD

SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO LTD

LG ENERGY SOLUTION LTD

HYUNDAI MOTOR CO LTD

KIA CORP

314

97

80

75

64

56

Similar capabilities

The nine capabilities that share the most international patent families with Supply Chain & Ecosystem, 2015 to 2024: the families counted in both as a share of those counted in either. Each card shows its five largest countries.

Strategic Infrastructure

Logistics, Multimodal & Border Infrastructure

41.1% shared · 14,501 families in both

United States

Japan

China

Germany

South Korea

7,338

5,665

3,834

2,960

2,293

Trade & Investment

Maritime & Logistics Services

35.6% shared · 14,504 families in both

United States

Japan

China

Germany

South Korea

8,146

6,361

4,144

3,442

2,840

Production & Innovation

Industrial Technology Diffusion

9.6% shared · 7,960 families in both

Japan

United States

China

Germany

South Korea

21,413

12,182

9,574

8,900

5,531

Production & Innovation

Digital Economy Adoption

8.8% shared · 7,566 families in both

United States

Japan

China

South Korea

Germany

21,362

15,584

10,966

7,828

2,749

Strategic Infrastructure

Postal & Parcel

8.6% shared · 2,312 families in both

United States

Japan

China

South Korea

Germany

2,812

1,682

1,237

976

644

Trade & Investment

Digital Trade & E-Commerce

6.3% shared · 2,501 families in both

United States

Japan

South Korea

China

Canada

6,376

4,793

3,598

2,845

590

Critical Technology

Advanced Robotics

2.2% shared · 1,361 families in both

Japan

United States

China

South Korea

Germany

11,556

8,601

5,924

4,273

3,892

Trade & Investment

Standards, Conformity & Quality Infrastructure

2.1% shared · 631 families in both

United States

Germany

Japan

China

South Korea

2,917

1,685

1,675

1,261

713

Strategic Infrastructure

Payments & Settlement Systems

2.0% shared · 885 families in both

United States

Japan

China

South Korea

Germany

8,689

3,604

3,322

2,540

750

Crosswalk

How Supply Chain & Ecosystem is matched to the patent classifications. The entries below were chosen for it; each stands for itself and everything beneath it in the scheme, 52 Cooperative entries in all. A patent family counts when any of its codes, in either scheme and at any office, falls under one of them. Codes since retired are placed under the entries that replaced them.

EntryTitle in the schemeWhy it is chosenCPC codesIPC codesDocuments
G06Q10/087Inventory or stock management, e.g. order filling, procurement or balancing against ordersInventory, procurement and order-filling systems152199,710
B65G1/00Storing articles, individually or in orderly arrangement, in warehouses or magazinesWarehouse storage and automated retrieval systems3616267,502
G06Q50/04ManufacturingBusiness systems specially adapted for manufacturing1186,325

CPC and IPC codes are the codes in use on patent documents, at any office, that fall under the entry. Documents is the larger of the two schemes' counts of documents carrying one of them. An entry with no IPC codes can be told apart only in the Cooperative scheme.

The Cooperative codes in use that count towards Supply Chain & Ecosystem: 52 codes on 488,317 documents. The full crosswalk is in the cpc-to-capability.csv download.

CodeTitleUnder entryHow placedDocuments
G06Q10/087Inventory or stock management, e.g. order filling, procurement or balancing against ordersG06Q10/087In the scheme98,212
G06Q50/04ManufacturingG06Q50/04In the scheme67,549
G06Q10/0877Inventory or stock management, e.g. order filling, procurement or balancing against orders by inventory control or reporting using inventory tracking or countingG06Q10/087In the scheme28,398
B65G1/04Storage devices mechanicalB65G1/00In the scheme26,446
B65G1/0492Storage devices mechanical with cars adapted to travel in storage aislesB65G1/00In the scheme19,725
G06Q10/0875Itemisation or classification of parts, supplies or services, e.g. bill of materialsG06Q10/087In the scheme18,398
B65G1/1373Storage devices mechanical with arrangements or automatic control means for selecting which articles are to be removed for fulfilling orders in warehousesB65G1/00In the scheme17,603
B65G1/137Storage devices mechanical with arrangements or automatic control means for selecting which articles are to be removedB65G1/00In the scheme13,299
B65G1/1378Storage devices mechanical with arrangements or automatic control means for selecting which articles are to be removed for fulfilling orders in warehouses the orders being assembled on fixed commissioning areas remote from the storage areasB65G1/00In the scheme11,796
B65G1/0464Storage devices mechanical with access from aboveB65G1/00In the scheme11,127
G06Q10/08726Inventory or stock management, e.g. order filling, procurement or balancing against orders using inventory planning for replenishment processing, procedures, or recommendations using forecasting or optimisationG06Q10/087In the scheme11,032
B65G1/0407Storage devices mechanical using stacker cranesB65G1/00In the scheme10,499
B65G1/065Storage devices mechanical with means for presenting articles for removal at predetermined position or level with self propelled carsB65G1/00In the scheme9,805
B65G1/02Storage devicesB65G1/00In the scheme8,603
B65G1/0485Check-in, check-out devicesB65G1/00In the scheme7,966
B65G1/1371Storage devices mechanical with arrangements or automatic control means for selecting which articles are to be removed with data recordsB65G1/00In the scheme7,328
B65G1/0478Storage devices mechanical for matrix-arrangementsB65G1/00In the scheme7,291
B65G1/06Storage devices mechanical with means for presenting articles for removal at predetermined position or levelB65G1/00In the scheme7,218
G06Q10/08741Inventory fulfillment by picking of items from inventory for fulfillmentG06Q10/087In the scheme6,861
B65G1/0457Storage devices mechanical with suspended load carriersB65G1/00In the scheme6,327
B65G1/1375Storage devices mechanical with arrangements or automatic control means for selecting which articles are to be removed for fulfilling orders in warehouses the orders being assembled on a commissioning stacker-crane or truckB65G1/00In the scheme5,737
G06Q10/08772Inventory counting methodsG06Q10/087In the scheme5,589
B65G1/0435Storage devices mechanical using stacker cranes with pulling or pushing means on either stacking crane or stacking areaB65G1/00In the scheme5,578
G06Q10/0874Inventory fulfillmentG06Q10/087In the scheme5,367
G06Q10/08744Inventory fulfillment by distributed inventory managementG06Q10/087In the scheme5,095
G06Q10/08724Inventory or stock management, e.g. order filling, procurement or balancing against orders using inventory planning by shelf level inventory management, e.g. planogramsG06Q10/087In the scheme4,846
G06Q10/0872Inventory or stock management, e.g. order filling, procurement or balancing against orders using inventory planningG06Q10/087In the scheme4,505
B65G1/00Storing articles, individually or in orderly arrangement, in warehouses or magazinesB65G1/00In the scheme4,469
B65G1/10Storage devices mechanical with relatively movable racks to facilitate insertion or removal of articlesB65G1/00In the scheme4,140
B65G1/0421Storage devices mechanical using stacker cranes with control for stacker crane operationsB65G1/00In the scheme4,100
B65G1/08Storage devices mechanical with means for presenting articles for removal at predetermined position or level the articles being fed by gravityB65G1/00In the scheme3,552
B65G1/0414Storage devices mechanical using stacker cranes provided with satellite cars adapted to travel in storage racksB65G1/00In the scheme3,528
G06Q10/08776Inventory or stock management, e.g. order filling, procurement or balancing against orders by inventory control or reporting using inventory tracking or counting by management of storage life of perishable or hazardous productsG06Q10/087In the scheme3,304
B65G1/1376Storage devices mechanical with arrangements or automatic control means for selecting which articles are to be removed for fulfilling orders in warehouses the orders being assembled on a commissioning conveyorB65G1/00In the scheme3,296
B65G1/14Stack holders or separatorsB65G1/00In the scheme3,197
B65G1/127Storage devices mechanical with separate article supports or holders movable in a closed circuit to facilitate insertion or removal of articles the articles being books, documents, forms or the like the circuit being confined in a vertical planeB65G1/00In the scheme3,089
G06Q10/08778Inventory or stock management, e.g. order filling, procurement or balancing against orders by inventory control or reporting using inventory tracking or counting for managing mis-shipments, lost items or stolen goodsG06Q10/087In the scheme2,831
G06Q10/08743Inventory fulfillment by picking of items from inventory for fulfillment using optimisation of routesG06Q10/087In the scheme2,775
B65G1/0471Storage devices mechanical with access from beneathB65G1/00In the scheme2,090
B65G1/0442Storage devices mechanical for elongated articlesB65G1/00In the scheme2,077
B65G1/133Storage devices mechanical with separate article supports or holders movable in a closed circuit to facilitate insertion or removal of articles the articles being books, documents, forms or the like the circuit being confined in a horizontal planeB65G1/00In the scheme2,039
B65G1/026Racks equipped with a displaceable load carrying surface to facilitate loading or unloadingB65G1/00In the scheme1,930
B65G1/045Storage devices mechanical in a circular arrangement, e.g. towersB65G1/00In the scheme1,665
G06Q10/08774Inventory or stock management, e.g. order filling, procurement or balancing against orders by inventory control or reporting using inventory tracking or counting using consumer inventory reportingG06Q10/087In the scheme1,418
B65G1/12Storage devices mechanical with separate article supports or holders movable in a closed circuit to facilitate insertion or removal of articles the articles being books, documents, forms or the likeB65G1/00In the scheme1,415
B65G1/023Arrangements of article supporting rollers on racksB65G1/00In the scheme1,108
G06Q10/08728Inventory or stock management, e.g. order filling, procurement or balancing against orders using inventory planning of returned inventoryG06Q10/087In the scheme1,079
B65G1/07Storage devices mechanical with means for presenting articles for removal at predetermined position or level the upper article of a pile being always presented at the same predetermined levelB65G1/00In the scheme1,078
B65G1/0428Transfer means for the stacker crane between the alleysB65G1/00In the scheme948
B65G1/16Special arrangements of articles in storage spacesB65G1/00In the scheme815
B65G1/20Articles arranged in layers with spaces between articlesB65G1/00In the scheme138
B65G1/18Articles inclined so as to be mutually self-supportingB65G1/00In the scheme36
Match: Through its tools
The classification names the equipment or technology the capability draws on, not the capability. The count says how much is being invented for it, not how well it is done. Industrial parks, zones and supplier clusters have no entry; only warehousing and supply-management tools can be matched. The crosswalk is a first pass that nobody has reviewed.

Other capabilities in Advanced Manufacturing